Urbani izziv Volume 29, No. 1, June 2018
: 58-72
(Articles)
UDK: 551.584.5:551.583.1(492.613)
doi: 10.5379/urbani-izziv-en-2018-29-01-001
Author
Frank VAN DER HOEVEN
TU Delft, Faculty of Architecture and the Built Environment, Delft, Netherlands
f.d.vanderhoeven@tudelft.nl
Alexander WANDL
TU Delft, Faculty of Architecture and the Built Environment, Delft, Netherlands
a.wandl@tudelft.nl
Title
Hotterdam: Mapping the social, morphological, and land-use dimensions of the Rotterdam urban heat island
Abstract
Climate scientists forecast that heat waves will occur more often in the Netherlands in the coming decades. The Hotterdam study accordingly measured urban heat and modelled the surface energy balance in the Dutch city of Rotterdam. It identified in detail the city’s social, morphological, and land-use dimensions using a geographic information system (GIS), 3D models, and satellite images. It used hierarchical and multivariate regression analyses to determine the links between temperatures and the surface energy balance on the one hand, and social, morphological, and land-use aspects on the other. The Hotterdam study did establish a link between the urban heat island effect in Rotterdam and the health of its population. It also statistically explained the high rate of mortality among seniors seventy-five and over during the summer of 2006. The spatial concentration of senior citizens, the average age of the buildings they live in, and the sum of the sensible heat flux and storage heat flux play a large role. Imperviousness, the leaf area index, the building envelope, surface water, and shade are the dimensions that best explained the Rotterdam urban heat island. We mapped these aspects in two heat-maps that help in setting priorities for implementing climate adaptation measures.
Key Words
urban heat island, morphology, land use, elderly, climate adaptation, Rotterdam